1. Kuumbwa uye zvikamu zvikuru zvekupfapfaidza pendi tsvina gasi
Pendi maitiro anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakina, mota, midziyo yemagetsi, midziyo yemumba, ngarava, fenicha uye mamwe maindasitiri.
Paint raw material —— pendi inoumbwa neisiri-inoshanduka uye isingachinjiki, isingachinjiki inosanganisira chinhu chemufirimu uye chinobatsira firimu chinhu, volatile dilution agent inoshandiswa kudzikisa pendi, kuzadzisa chinangwa chependi yakatsetseka uye yakanaka.
Iyo pendi yekupfapfaidza muitiro inonyanya kubudisa pendi mhute uye organic tsvina gasi kusvibiswa, pendi pasi pechiito chepamusoro-soro muzvikamu, kana kumwaya, chikamu chependi hachina kusvika panzvimbo yepfapfaidzo, kupararira nemhepo inoyerera kuti iite mhute yepende; organic tsvina gasi kubva pakuvhuvhuta kweiyo diluent, organic solvent haina kubatanidzwa nependi, iyo pendi uye yekurapa inoburitsa organic tsvina gasi (yakashumwa mazana emafuta anopisa emakemikari, zvichiteerana ndee alkane, alkanes, olefin, anonhuwirira makomisheni, doro, aldehyde, ketoni, ester, ether, uye mamwe macompounds).
2. Kwakabva uye hunhu hwemotokari yekunamira exhaust gasi
Mota yependi workshop inofanirwa kuitisa pendi pre-kurapa, electrophoresis uye kupfapfaidza pendi pane workpiece. Pendi maitiro anosanganisira kupfapfaidza pendi, kuyerera uye kuomesa, mune aya maitiro anoburitsa organic tsvina gasi (VOCs) uye pfapfaidzo yekupfapfaidza, saka maitiro aya anoda kupfapfaidza pendi mukamuri marara gasi kurapwa.
(1) Kurasa gasi kubva mukamuri yependi yekupfapfaidza
Kuti uchengetedze nzvimbo yekushanda yekupfapfaidza, maererano nezvinodiwa zveLabour Safety and Health Law, mhepo inofanirwa kuchinjwa nguva dzose mukamuri yekupfapfaidza, uye kumhanya kwekuchinja kwemhepo kunofanirwa kudzorwa mukati meiyo (0.25 ~ 1). m/s. Chimiro chikuru chemhepo inopedza gasi ndeye organic solvent yependi yekupfapfaidza, iyo huru inonhuhwirira mahydrocarboni (matatu benzene uye asiri-methane yakazara hydrocarbon), doro ether, ester organic solvent, nekuti huwandu hwekubuda hwekamuri yekupfapfaidza hwakanyanya. hombe, saka huwandu hwese hweiyo organic tsvina gasi inoburitswa yakadzikira, kazhinji inenge 100 mg/m3. Uye zvakare, kupera kwekamuri yependi kazhinji kuine hushoma hwehute hwepende isina kunyatsogadziriswa, kunyanya iyo yakaoma pendi yekupfapfaidza inobata kamuri yekupfapfaidza, iyo pendi mhute mukupopota, inogona kuve chipingamupinyi chekurasa gasi kurapwa, marara gasi kurapwa kunofanirwa kuve. pretreatment.
(2) Gasi remarara kubva mukamuri yekuomesera
Pendi yechiso mushure mekupfapfaidza isati yaoma, inoda kuyerera mhepo, yakanyorova pendi firimu organic solvent iri mukati mekuomesa iyo inoputika, kudzivirira mhepo indoor organic solvent aggregation tsaona yekuputika, kamuri yemhepo inofanirwa kuenderera mhepo, shandura kumhanya kwemhepo kazhinji kudzora kutenderera. 0.2 m/s, exhaust kuumbwa uye pendi mukamuri yekupopota, asi haina mhute yependi, iyo yakazara organic tsvina gasi pane yekupfapfaidza kamuri, zvichienderana nevhoriyamu yekubuda, kazhinji mukamuri yekupfapfaidza inopedza gasi kuzara kanenge kaviri, inogona kusvika 300 mg/m3, kazhinji yakasanganiswa nekupfapfaidza kamuri yekupopota mushure mekurapwa kwepakati. Uye zvakare, kamuri yependi, pendi yependi yemvura inotenderera dziva inofanirwa kuburitsa yakafanana organic tsvina gasi.
(3)Dkurira gasi rinopedza simba
Kuumbwa kwegasi rekuomesa tsvina yakanyanya kuoma, kuwedzera kune organic solvent, chikamu cheplasticizer kana resin monomer uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoputika, asi zvakare ine zvinopisa zvinopisa zvigadzirwa, reaction products. Electrophoretic primer uye solvent type topcoat drying ine exhaust gasi inobuda, asi kuumbwa kwayo uye musiyano wekutarisa wakakura.
※Ngozi dzekupfapfaidza pendi yekuburitsa gasi:
Zvinozivikanwa kubva pakuongorora kuti gasi remarara kubva mukamuri yekupfapfaidza, imba yekuomesa, pendi yekuvhenganisa kamuri uye yepamusoro pendi pendi yekugezesa tsvina yakadzikira uye kuyerera kukuru, uye izvo zvakakosha zvezvinosvibisa zvinonhuhwirira hydrocarbons, doro ether uye ester organic. solvents. Zvinoenderana ne "Comprehensive Emission Standard for Air Pollution", kuwanda kweaya gasi remarara kazhinji kuri mukati memuganho wekuburitsa. Kuti ukwanise kubata nechiyero chekuburitsa zvinodikanwa mune chiyero, mazhinji mafekitori emotokari anotora nzira yekukwira-yakakwirira emission. Kunyangwe iyi nzira inogona kusangana neazvino emission miyero, asi gasi remarara harina kucheneswa diluted emission, uye huwandu hwese hwegasi rinosvibisa rinoburitswa nehombe yekuvhara mutsara inogona kunge yakakwira kusvika mazana ematani, izvo zvinokonzeresa kukuvadza kwakanyanya kune atmosphere.
Paint fog in the organic solvent —— benzene, toluene, xylene is a strong toxic solvent, inoshanda kumhepo muwekishopu, vashandi mushure mekufema turakiti inhalation inogona kukonzera acute and chronic poisoning, kunyanya kukonzera kukuvadzwa kwecentral nervous and hematopoietic system. , kufemerwa kwenguva pfupi kwepamusoro (kupfuura 1500 mg/m3) yebenzene vapor, inogona kukonzera aplastic anemia, kazhinji inhaled low concentration yebenzene vapor inogonawo kukonzera kurutsa, zviratidzo zvetsinga zvakadai sekuvhiringidzika.
※Kusarudzwa kwemarara gasi nzira yekurapa yekupfapfaidza pendi uye yekuputira:
Mukusarudza nzira dzekurapa organic, zvinotevera zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa zvakajairika: mhando uye kusungirirwa kwezvinosvibisa organic, tembiricha yekubuda kwemhepo uye chiyero chekuyerera, chidimbu chemukati, uye chiyero chekutonga chinosvibisa chinoda kuwanikwa.
1Snamata pendi pane kamuri tembiricha kurapwa
Iyo gasi yekuburitsa kubva mukamuri yekupendi, imba yekuomesera, pendi yekusanganisa imba uye topcoat yekugezesa sewage kamuri ndiyo tembiricha yekupisa gasi rekudzika kwakadzika uye kuyerera kukuru, uye chimiro chikuru chezvinosvibisa zvinonhuhwirira hydrocarbons, doro uye ether uye ester organic solvents. . Zvinoenderana neiyo GB16297 "Comprehensive Emission Standard for Air Pollution", kuwanda kweaya gasi remarara kazhinji kuri mukati memuganho wekuburitsa. Kuti ukwanise kubata nechiyero chekuburitsa zvinodikanwa mune chiyero, mazhinji mafekitori emotokari anotora nzira yekukwira-yakakwirira emission. Kunyangwe iyi nzira inogona kusangana neyazvino emission miyero, asi gasi remarara rakanyungudutswa kuburitsa pasina kurapwa, uye huwandu hwese hwegasi rinosvibisa rinoburitswa nehombe yekuvhara mutsara inogona kunge yakakwira kusvika mazana ematani, izvo zvinokonzeresa kukuvadza kwakanyanya mhepo.
Kuti uderedze zvakanyanya kubuda kwezvinosvibisa gasi, nzira dzinoverengeka dzekurapa gasi dzinogona kushandiswa pamwe chete pakurapa, asi mutengo wekupedza gasi kurapwa nemhepo yakakwira zvakanyanya. Parizvino, iyo nzira yekune dzimwe nyika yakakura ndeyekutanga kuisa pfungwa (neiyo adsorption-desorption vhiri kuisa huwandu hwese hunosvika ka15), kuitira kudzikisa huwandu hwese hucharapwa, uyezve kushandisa nzira inoparadza kurapa gasi remarara rakazara. Kune nzira dzakafanana muChina, yekutanga kushandisa adsorption nzira (activated kabhoni kana zeolite se adsorbent) yekudzikamisa, tembiricha yekamuri yekupfapfaidza pendi marara gasi adsorption, ine tembiricha yekupisa gasi desorption, yakadzika marara gasi uchishandisa catalytic combustion kana regenerative thermal combustion nzira ye. kurapwa. Kudzika kwakadzika, yakajairika tembiricha pfapfaidza marara gasi biological kurapwa nzira iri kuvandudzwa, tekinoroji yepamba panguva ino haina kukura, asi inofanirwa kutarisisa. Kuti tinyatso kudzikisa kusvibiswa kweveruzhinji kwekuputira tsvina gasi, isu tinofanirwawo kugadzirisa dambudziko kubva kunobva, sekushandiswa kwemakapu emagetsi anotenderera emagetsi uye dzimwe nzira dzekuvandudza chiyero chekushandiswa kwejasi, kuvandudzwa kwemvura-yakadzika machira. uye mamwe machira ekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza.
2Dringing tsvina gasi kurapwa
Kuomesa marara gasi ndeyepakati uye yakakwira yekumisikidza yakanyanya tembiricha tsvina gasi, inokodzera kupisa nzira kurapwa. Iko kupisa kwemoto kune matatu anokosha parameters: nguva, tembiricha, kukanganisa, ndiko kuti, kupisa kwe 3T mamiriro. Kushanda kwemarara gasi kurapwa ndiko kwakaringana dhigirii rekuita kwekupisa uye zvinoenderana neiyo 3T mamiriro ekudzora maitiro ekupisa. RTO inogona kudzora tembiricha yekupisa (820 ~ 900 ℃) uye nguva yekugara (1.0 ~ 1.2s), uye ive nechokwadi chekuti kukanganisa kwakakodzera (mhepo uye organic zvinhu zvakasanganiswa zvakakwana), kushanda kwekurapa kunosvika 99%, uye marara kupisa mwero wakakwira, uye kushandiswa kwesimba rekushandisa kwakaderera. Mazhinji mafekitori emotokari eJapan muJapan neChina anowanzo shandisa RTO kubata gasi rekuomesa rekuomesa (primer, yepakati coating, top coat drying). Semuyenzaniso, Dongfeng Nissan mutakurwi motokari Huadu coating mutsara uchishandisa RTO nechepakati kurapwa kwekuputira kuomesa kupera gasi mhedzisiro yakanaka kwazvo, inosangana zvizere nezvinodiwa zvemitemo yekuburitsa. Nekudaro, nekuda kweiyo yakakwira-nguva yekudyara kweRTO tsvina gasi yekurapa gasi, haina mari yekurasa gasi kurapwa nemarara diki gasi kuyerera.
Kune iyo yakapedzwa yekugadzira coating mutsara, kana yakawedzera tsvina gasi yekurapa midziyo inodiwa, iyo inokonzeresa yekupisa system uye inodzoreredza thermal combustion system inogona kushandiswa. Iyo catalytic combustion system ine diki mari uye yakaderera combustion simba rekushandisa.
Kazhinji kutaura, kushandiswa kwe / platinamu sechinhu chinokonzeresa kunogona kuderedza tembiricha yeoxidizing yakawanda organic tsvina gasi kusvika pa315 ℃. Catalytic combustion system inogona kushandiswa kune yakajairwa kuomesa tsvina gasi kurapwa, kunyanya yakakodzera kuomesa magetsi uchishandisa magetsi ekudziya nguva, dambudziko riripo nderekudzivirira kutadza kwechepfu inokonzeresa. Kubva pane zvakaitika kune vamwe vashandisi, kune yakajairika pendi yekuomesa marara gasi, nekuwedzera tsvina gasi kusefa uye mamwe matanho, anogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti hupenyu hweiyo catalyst ndeye 3 ~ 5 makore; electrophoretic pendi kuomesa tsvina gasi iri nyore kukonzera catalyst poisoning, saka kurapwa kwe electrophoretic pendi kuomesa tsvina gasi kunofanirwa kungwarira kushandisa catalytic combustion. Mukuita kwemarara gasi kurapwa uye kushandurwa kweDongfeng yekutengeserana mota yemuviri mutsara wekupfeka, iyo tsvina gasi ye electrophoretic primer kuomeswa inobatwa neRTO nzira, uye iyo tsvina gasi yekuomeswa kwependi yepamusoro inobatwa necatalytic combustion nzira, uye mhedzisiro yekushandisa ndeye. kugona.
※Spray pendi yekuputira tsvina gasi kurapwa maitiro:
Kupfapfaidza indasitiri marara gasi kurapwa chirongwa chinonyanya kushandiswa kupfapfaidza pendi yekurasa gasi kurapwa, fenicha fekitori marara gasi kurapwa, michina yekugadzira indasitiri marara gasi kurapwa, guardrail fekitori marara gasi kurapwa, kugadzira mota uye mota 4S shopu yekupfapfaidza pendi mukamuri marara gasi kurapwa. Parizvino, kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa, dzakadai se: condensation nzira, absorption nzira, kupisa nzira, catalytic nzira, adsorption nzira, biological nzira uye ion nzira.
1. Water spray method + activated carbon adsorption uye desorption + catalytic combustion
Kushandisa spray tower kubvisa mhute yependi uye inonyungudika mumvura, mushure mekuoma sefa, mune activated kabhoni adsorption mudziyo, senge activated kabhoni adsorption izere, wobva wabvisa (kubvisa nzira nemhepo inobvisa, kupisa kwemagetsi, nitrogen kubvisa), mushure meiyo kubvisa gasi (concentration yakawedzera kakawanda) nekubvisa feni mukati meiyo catalytic combustion mudziyo wekupisa, kupisa mucarbon dioxide nemvura, mushure mekubuda.
2. Water spray + activated carbon adsorption uye desorption + condensation kudzoreredza nzira
Kushandisa pfapfaidzo shongwe kubvisa mhute yependi uye inonyungudika mumvura, mushure mekuoma sefa, mune activated kabhoni adsorption mudziyo, senge activated kabhoni adsorption izere, wozobvisa (kubvisa nzira nekubvisa chiutsi, kupisa kwemagetsi, nitrogen kubvisa), mushure kugadzirisa tsvina gasi adsorption condensation condensation, condensate nekuparadzanisa kudzoreredza yakakosha organic zvinhu. Iyi nzira inoshandiswa pakurapa gasi remarara nepamusoro-soro, kupisa kwakadzika uye kuderera kwemhepo. Asi nzira iyi yekudyara, kushandiswa kwesimba rakawanda, mutengo wekushandisa, kupfapfaidza pendi yekuburitsa gasi "three benzene" uye imwe exhaust gasi inowanzodzika kupfuura 300 mg/m3, yakaderera, mhepo yakakura (motokari yekugadzira pendi workshop mhepo inowanzova pamusoro. 100000), uye nekuti iyo mota yekuputira inopedza organic solvent kuumbwa, kudzoreredza solvent kwakaoma kushandisa, uye nyore kugadzira kusvibiswa kwechipiri, saka kuvhara mumarara gasi kurapwa kazhinji usashandise iyi nzira.
3. Waste gasi adsorption nzira
Kupfapfaidza pendi tsvina gasi kurapwa adsorption inogona kukamurwa kuita makemikari adsorption uye yepanyama adsorption, asi "matatu benzene" tsvina gasi kemikari kuita yakaderera, kazhinji usashandise kemikari kunyura. Iyo yemuviri inonwisa mvura inotora kushoma kushanduka, uye inotora zvikamu zvine hukama hwepamusoro hwekudziya, kutonhora uye kushandiswa zvakare pakuongorora kunyura kwesaturation. Iyi nzira inoshandiswa pakutamisa mhepo, tembiricha yakaderera, uye yakaderera. Iyo yekumisikidza yakaoma, iyo investimendi yakakura, sarudzo yekunyura mvura yakanyanya kuoma, kune maviri kusvibiswa.
4. Aactivated carbon adsorption + UV photocatalytic oxidation midziyo
(1): zvakananga kuburikidza neyakagadzirwa kabhoni yakananga adsorption ye organic gasi, kuwana iyo yekucheneswa mwero we95%, midziyo yakapusa, diki yekudyara, kushanda kwakaringana, asi inoda kazhinji kutsiva iyo activated kabhoni, yakaderera kuunganidzwa kwezvinosvibisa, hapana kupora. (2) Adsorption nzira: organic gasi mune activated kabhoni adsorption, activated carbon saturated air desorption uye kuvandudzwa.
5.Aactivated carbon adsorption + yakaderera-tembiricha plasma midziyo
Mushure meiyo activated kabhoni adsorption kutanga, zvino ine yakaderera tembiricha yeplasma midziyo yekugadzira tsvina gasi, ichabata mwero wekubuda kwegasi, nzira yeion kushandisa plasma Plasma (ION plasma) kushatisa kwegasi remarara, kubvisa kunhuwa, kuuraya mabhakitiriya, mavhairasi, kuchenesa. mhepo ndeyepamusoro-tekinoroji yepasirese kuenzanisa, nyanzvi dzekumba nekune dzimwe nyika dzinonzi imwe yechina huru yesainzi tekinoroji muzana remakore rechi21. Kiyi kune tekinoroji iri kuburikidza neiyo yakakwira voltage pulse medium block discharge muchimiro chenhamba yakakura yeanoshanda ion oxygen (plasma), iyo gasi activation, inoburitsa ese akasiyana anoshanda emahara radicals, akadai OH, HO2, O, nezvimwe. ., benzene, toluene, xylene, ammonia, alkane uye kumwe kushatisa gasi remarara, oxidation uye mamwe maitiro akaomarara emuviri nemakemikari, uye ne-chigadzirwa chisina chepfu, kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwechipiri. Iyo tekinoroji ine maitiro ekushomeka kwesimba rekushandisa, nzvimbo diki, nyore kushanda uye kugadzirisa, uye inonyanya kukodzera kurapwa kweakasiyana echikamu magasi.
Brief summary:
Ikozvino kune marudzi mazhinji enzira dzekurapa pamusika, kuitira kuti tisangane nemitemo yenyika uye yemuno yekurapa, isu tinowanzo sarudza nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa dzakabatanidzwa kurapa gasi remarara, kusarudza zvinoenderana neyavo chaiyo nzira yekurapa kurapwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-28-2022
